Walk Together - Proposal

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA SABAH

Date

13 February 2009

Proposal for

Heart Beat Analyser for Home Use

Team Name

Walk Together

Group members

JUSTIN YAP CHOON SIN HK2006-3330

MOHD SAIFULDDIN B. KAMARUDDIN HK2006-1834

CH’NG CHEAR CHEAH

MOHD RAFIZI ABD RAZAK HK2006-2281

CHONG CHEE WEY HK2006-2915
HK2006-3818
This proposal is about the heartbeat analyzer for home use that was developed by our team. It functions is to help user detect any disorder rhythms heartbeat, check for consistency and heartbeat rate which is very useful for home use. Hope this will be a successful product in the near future.

ABSTRACT

This project is to design an electrical tool that can detect the consistency of heartbeat and missing heartbeat of human heart and let the user know whether the heartbeat are normal or not. With these tools, it can help to improve the medical application and facilitate people to check their heart condition.

Introduction
Heart beat is the cycle of contraction of the heart muscle, during which the chambers of the heart contract. The beat begins with a rhythmic impulse in the senatorial

There are several chronic diseases which give such initial warning namely

With this device, early precaution could be made. The user of this device would have an early detection of any form of irregularities in his heart. This would prevent any further complications or heart problems. Fatal mishaps could be prevented.

Nowadays, most of us are leading a busy lifestyle. It is inconvenient and time consuming for a person to always visit the hospital or clinic for check ups. With the heart beat analyser for home use, the user could use it back at home conveniently. Besides that, for a person with a family history of heart problems, he could use it on a daily basis without the need to visit the hospital everyday to monitor his condition.

On top of that, the device is made user friendly so that the user requires no extra knowledge in operating the device. He does not need to undergo any form of special training to operate the device.
be at generally tells if his heart is functioning or beating normally. Abnormality and inconsistency of the heart beat gives initial warning that the person’s heartmight be at riskarrhythmia, dysrhythmia and heart block. The normal heart rate of a person ranges from 50 to 100 beats per minute.The product concerned is a heartbeat analyzer for home use. It calculates the percentage of consistency of the heart beat as well as storing the data for future reference. It will also notify the user if there are any abnormalities in the heart beat.

BACKGROUND
From the research we get, currently the device sell in the market for home use are mostly heartbeat device that calculate our body heartbeat rate. Some other devices also come with other function like measure body blood pressure and heartbeat rate. Below is the example product currently in the market:

There is no product that actually can check a human body heartbeat consistency, check for any disorder rhythms, irregular heartbeat or missing heartbeat. Which is why we propose to make a heartbeat analyzer product that can check human heartbeat overall beside only the heartbeat rate.

Objectives:
The objective of making this product is to help user detect any irregular of heartbeat or any abnormal beat rate. For example, is the heart beat too fast or too slow, regular or irregular, any missing beat or does the amplitude of heartbeat pulse was consistent or inconsistent.

By making this product, we actually help user more aware of their heart condition. Hence, decrease the chance of getting more serious health problem since any early heartbeat disorder can be identified and treat to prevent any worse case happen.

This product is mainly for home use, so it will be cost affordable for everybody to buy. Easy to use which is user friendly and make it even suitable for children to use. Hope that it will be a future product in the medical field area.

Design Specifications:

Overall, the product is to help user detect any abnormal heartbeat, calculate user heartbeat rate. Then display the result on LCD for user knowledge. The design specifications of (Heartbeat Analyzer for Home Use) include:

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Ability to detect any disorder of heartbeat rhythms.
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Check and measure consistency of heartbeat rate
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Check and measure consistency of heartbeat amplitude (voltage)
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Find any missing heartbeat.
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Calculate user heartbeat rate
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heartbeat.
Continuously display the interval time taken between current and the next
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Watch your heartbeat in real time.
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normal or abnormal?
Automatically summarize or give result of user heart condition. Does it
-

review.
Ability to store the result data for user future reference or for doctor
7

Simple diagram of the design:

Sensor use to detect heartbeat

signal

Signal amplifying

Convert heartbeat signal to

digital signal by microcontroller

Microcontroller calculates and

process heartbeat pattern

Output (result) from microcontroller

will display on LCD

Store the result on memory IC

for user future use

END

Conceptual design and design solution:

Sensing part:

There are 2 methods that were considered as a way to detect heartbeat pulse. The first method is to use electrode, which current will flow in human body and detect the electrical signal of the heartbeat. While the second method is to use stethoscope and place a small condenser microphone on the stethoscope to capture the heartbeat sounds. Both methods have pros and cons, if electrode were used, the signal from the heartbeat will be more accurate but there is a safety issue because current will flow into the body which expose to long term will be not good.

If using stethoscope and place a small condenser on it to collect the heartbeat signal, the accuracy was not as good as using electrode. But it is still acceptable because heartbeat signal was still able to detect. It is also safe to use and does not danger the user even use it in long term.

Hence, since the product should be user friendly and does not harm the user, safety issue is a concern and it is come to a conclusion that using stethoscope with microphone is the best solution.

Display part:

The product will be able to display result for user to know his/her heart condition. To display the result, it can be display through a computer monitor on an individual display screen without go through computer. The individual display screen mean it is mounted on the product and was not separated. After considering the both methods, the individual display screen was chosen. The reason is because it is a product aim for home use, so it must be a product that is portable and not complicated to use and run the device.

Type of microcontroller:

There are many type and brand of microcontroller in the market like Zilog, arm7, arm9, Omron, Microchip, Freescale and many more. Since there are so many type of microcontroller in the market, some factors have to be considered in choosing the right microcontroller. The factors are the cost to get the microcontroller, availability in local market, size, functions and knowledge to use. As a conclusion, we choose microcontroller from Microchip Company because it was cheap and easy to get it on local market. Microchip have many variable microcontroller size and functions to choose from a wide range. Plus our knowledge and well known on Microchip microcontroller was one of the factorwe choose it. In the end, 3 types of microcontroller model were choose to use on this project that is PIC16F628A, PIC18F452 and PIC16F877A.

Programming language:

Microchip microcontroller support either assembly language or C language code. Since there are 2 types of programming language, we need to choose which one is better suit for this project.But after considered all the necessary factor, we choose to use both language in our project. The reasons are both languages have their own unique way of performance. C language will be use mostly on arithmetic calculation as it is easier to program. While assembly language will be use to program the circuit logic control or not involve many instruction cycles.

RISK ANALYSIS
In our design project uncertainty can arise in several ways: If the it as optimum as we can. We cannot estimate the actual budget of this

We also search the market price of the

The most challenging part is, also about the design. How we are going to deal with the transferring of the signal from the heart beat to the amplifier also the calculation and programming part of this design project. Risk also high to occur in this part.
project because sometime the budget is exceed or more than the capital expenditures according to unwanted problem that may happen in our plan about the budget. component we use in the project to get the best price ever.The Challenge part in our project is how we going to deal with the design of our device. Problem may be occurring from our lack of knowledge. It quite complicated because this project is in connection with medical application and if our knowledge about medical and health are lacking, it must hard to design from the medical aspect. We need to study more to add knowledge.
Facilities and resources

Facilities and resources use in this project will be:

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Research lab
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Oscilloscope
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Multimeter
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Breadboard
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Soldering equipment
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DC adapter for research purpose
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Microcontroller programmer
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Computer
Hardware and software:

Hardware and software use in this project will be:

Hardware (Components list):

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Stethoscope
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Condenser microphone
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Amplifier IC, comparator IC
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LCD screen
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Resistor
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Capacitor
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Diode
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Switch, button
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Microchip PIC16F628A, PIC18F452, PIC16F877A
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Crystal 20Mhz
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Donut board
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Buzzer
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LED
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Voltage regulator
Software:

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MPLAB-IDE
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Proteus VSM
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Solidworks
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Matlab
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Microsoft Office Excel
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PICkit
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PICC Lite
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MPLAB C18 student edition
Budget

Types of Expenses:

Item Cost

Components RM 120

Research & development RM 50

Extra components for R&D RM20

Management equipment RM10

Emergency use RM20

Website NIL

Roughly project cost RM 220

REFERENCE
1.
http://inventors.about.com
2.
www.sciencedaily.com
3.
www.freepatentsonline.com
4.
www.wipo.int
5.
www.bentham.org
6.
www.freshpatents.com
7.
http://www.ecglibrary.com/ecghist.html
8.

ne%20schematic_dne.pdf
http://www.panasonic.com/industrial/components/pdf/em16_micropho
9. Acierno. The History of Cardiology. 1994. New York: Parthenon.

10.
http://www.imaginis.com/heart-disease/arrhythmias_print.asp
11. Berndt Luderitz. History of the Disorders of Cardiac Rhythm. Third

Edition. 2002. Blackwell Publishing.

12. Debbal SM, Reguig FB. Heartbeat Sound Analysis with the wavelet

Transform. J Mech Med Biol 2004; 4(2): 133-141.